Those shortcuts included holding Command + R while powering on to boot to recovery mode, or holding Option at the start to get to a boot menu. On older PowerPC and Intel-based Macs, this required knowing one of a handful of keyboard commands when starting the Mac. It can instead boot from one of several recovery options. However, all isn't lost if a Mac's operating system goes belly-up. That means if you make a bootable USB drive from the macOS Big Sur installer, many Intel and all Apple Silicon Macs alike will refuse to boot from it in case of an emergency. That includes all of the new Apple Silicon Macs, like our 2020 Mac mini, since they all ship with built-in SSDs. Every manufacturer does it a little differently, and with the advent of Apple Silicon M1 Macs, the procedure has gotten even easier.Įvery Mac that relies on a built-in SSD and has Apple's T2 security chip ships with a secure vault that prevents booting from external storage and even locks down the operating system's partition to only run software signed by Apple. These days it's a partition on the computer's primary storage that helps get back up and running.
Back in the day, PCs came with a collection of floppy disks or a recovery CD that would reinstall the OS from scratch. While users may never want to have to rely on them, it's comforting to know that PCs running modern operating systems have fail-safes and recovery modes that can help get the system back up and running when disaster strikes.
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